下肢静脉性溃疡诊治进展

下肢静脉性溃疡（VLU）是静脉疾病最严重的表现，属CEAP分级的C5或C6级。具有溃疡形成的慢性病程长、低愈合率、高复发率等特点。溃疡创面迁延不愈与巨额医疗费用，给病人生活质量造成严重影响，也会加重社会经济负担。VLU的病因复杂，各种慢性静脉疾病导致的静脉高压是其病理学基础。溃疡的病史、临床表现及体格检查有助于VLU的诊断。VLU的治疗选择包括药物治疗、压力治疗、外科治疗、溃疡创面处理等，应经仔细评估后，根据病人病情特点进行综合治疗。     

Conversion of a renewable bio-resource to a functional composite material: Product design,comprehensive characterization and adsorption of 2,4-D herbicide

Based on the opinion of “utilizing waste resources to treat waste”, a sustainable resource waste was transformed into a useful and functional material by a comprehensive experimental setup. A high surface area lentil processing waste-based activated carbon was synthesized by microwave-assisted K₂CO₃ chemical activation and then successfully converted into a ferrospinel composite. The ferrospinel composite was characterized with BET, FTIR, XRD, XPS, FE-SEM, EDX mapping, Raman and VSM techniques and the detailed characterization analysis confirmed the successful formation of the ferrospinel composite. It was also applied as an effective adsorbent material in the treatment of 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid herbicide bearing wastewater. The pseudo-second order model better defined the kinetic pathway of the adsorption while the isothermal data indicated the best suitability to Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity of the ferrospinel composite towards 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was 400 mg/g at 45 °C. Thermodynamic studies showed the favorability and spontaneity of the adsorption process.     

Sinapic acid derivatives in microwave-pretreated rapeseeds and minor components in oils

Microwave pretreatment has been considered to improve the quality of rapeseed oil for canolol generation. Canolol is assumed to be formed by the decarboxylation of sinapic acid (SA). In this work, sinapic acid derivatives in 39 microwave-pretreated rapeseeds and their roles in the enhanced oxidative stability of rapeseed oils were investigated. The average contents of sinapic acid derivatives in rapeseeds, including (from high to low) sinapine, sinapoyl glucoside (SG), disinapoyl gentiobioside (DSG), quercetin-sinapoyl-di-hexosepentose (QSDG), sinapoyl malate (SM), disinapoyl glucoside (DDSG) and SA, were determined. After microwave pretreatment, the canolol content in rapeseed increased from nil to 6.16–76.1 mg/100 g, while sinapic acid derivatives contents decreased. The degradation rates of SG, DDSG, DSG, SM, SA and sinapine were 59.1%, 40.2%, 33.7%, 27.4%, 14.4% and 11.3%, respectively. There was no correlation relationship between sinapine and canolol. However, SG, DSG, SM and DDSG were regarded to be the precursor substances of canolol. Additionally, the tocopherols, sterols and canolol contents, along with the induction period (IP) of microwaved rapeseed oil increased by 3.79%, 10.0%, 76.8 times and 38.7%, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between IP and canolol content. These findings clarify the precursor substances of canolol and provide a theoretical support for the development and utilization of canolol.     

Letter to the editor: Comment on a case report of thermal injury to spinal cord,a rare complication of percutaneous microwave spine tumour ablation

Microwave ablation of the spine is an effective treatment option for patients with symptomatic osseous metastases. It is an increasingly common procedure in clinical practice and can be performed in conjunction with other procedures such as vertebroplasty and nerve root blocks. Multiple studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the percutaneous ablation; however potential complications can arise.Thermal injury to the spinal cord is a rare but serious known complication which has severe consequences to the patient. Multiple strategies can be adopted to reduce the rate of complications. We aim to discuss the various technical considerations when performing percutaneous ablation of spinal tumours to decrease the risks of complications.     

Permanent pacemaker implantation after valve and arrhythmia surgery in patients with preoperative atrial fibrillation

1. Download : Download high-res image (313KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image